Valve control for multiple-power tools



May 4 192s. -1,583,296

H. P; L. LAUSSUCQ VALVE CONTROL FOR MULTIPLE POWER TOOLS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 1, i924 May 4 1926. 7 1,583,296

H. P. LAUSSUCQ VALVE CONTROL FOR MULTIPLE POWER TOOLS Filed April 1, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 4, 1926. 1,583,296 P. LAUSSUCQ.

VALVE CONTROL FOR MULTIPLE POWER TOOLS Filed April 1, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 May 4 1926.

H. P. L. LAUSSUCQ VALVE CONTROL FOR MULTIPLE POWER TOOLS 0 a M E 4 SheetsShe'et 4 led April 1, 1924 Patented May 4, 1926.

I HENRI PIERRE LAURENT LAUSSUC'Q, OF READING, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO BIRDSBORO STEEL FOUNDRY '& MACHINE COMPANY, OF BIRDSIBORO, PENNSYL- VANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.) I v i VALVE con'rnor. FOR MULTIPLE-POWER TOOLS.

Application filed A 'ri 1, 1924. Serial No.'703,371.

trol for Multiple-Power Tools, of which the' following is a specification.

My invention relates to hydraulic tools,

such as riveting tools, and particularly to means for applying to the tools different pressures for different duties.

The purpose of my invention is to provide a fluid distributing or pilot valve for determining the pressure applied to the tool and an operating valve for admitting and exhausting fluid from the distributing valve.

A further purpose is to have the distributing valve comprise improved means for selective application of available hydraulic pressure to different compartments of a ram carrying the tool.

A further purpose is to automatically relieve the retarding during certain portions of the stroke. I

Further purposes will appear in the speci-' fication and in the claims.

I have preferred to illustrate my invention by but-one form, selecting a form which is practical and highly successful but which has been selected prnnarlly because it well illustrates the principles involved.

Figure 1 is a side elevation, with the foundation sectioned, showing a riveting tool withyvalves and connections. for practicing my invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged side elevation of a part of Figure 1 and with a portion of the figure in longitudinal section.

Figure 3 isa rear end elevation partly in vertical section through the full-back cylinder in Figure 2.

Figure 4 isa longitudinal section through,

the distributing or pilot valve in Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through the operating valve seen in Figure 1.

Figure 6 is an end elevation from the right of Figure 5.

In the drawings similar numerals indicate like parts.

Describing in illustration and not in limitation and referring'to the drawings,

It is desirable in operating hydraulic riveting apparatus by accumulator pressure to adjust the pressure between the ram and tool-to existing duty, using ahigh driving 'pressure for example for large rivets and low pressure for small rivets and in general accommodating the pressure to the work, and my invention provides improved means for doing this by selective application of the available fluid pressure of the accumulator to different compartments of the ram.

In the form illustrated a common form of rivet-er is shown having main cylinder stake 10 and riveting stake 11 by which'the cooperating tools 12 and 13 are supported and with respect to which. the tool 12 is driven.

The method of supporting and connecting these stakes is old and well known and is shown in Figure 1 but for the purpose merely of completing the illustration. Briefly described the machine is supported from a foundation 1 1 upon a base 15 tied to the foundation by suitable bolts or other ties.-

1,533,296 "-PATENTOFFICE.

til!

Obviously the machine may be fixed in other positions or could be movable.

In the construction of the machine itself the reciprocating riveting ram 16 carrying the tool 12 is operated by selectively admitting and exhausting hydraulic pressure into and from the main cylinder 17 the rear cylinder 18 and the pull-back cylinder 19.

The driving plunger 20 has a forward en-- larged portion .21 fitting the main cylinder 17 and a rear portion 22 fitting the rear cylinder 18, butts against the rear face of the ram 23 and exerts a pressure upon this face that is nil when the mairf and rear cylinders are open to exhaust, and at other times any one of three values dependent upon whether hydraulic pressure is admitted to the rear cylinder, to the main cylinder or simultaneously to both cylinders.

' The pull-back plunger 24withinthe pullback cylinder 19- butts against the forward face 25 of the ram and functions to push back the ram to its initial position after each riveting operation, the operating cylinders 17 and 18 being at this time open to exhaust. During the forward stroke of the ram the ull-back cylinder is selectively open to exhaust or to the hydraulic pressure of the accumulator, and as the efiective forward pressure ofthe ram upon the tool is that due to the difference between the forward pressure of'the dpi ving plunger and the rearward pressure of the pull-back plunger,

- between the ram and drivingplunger, one

- when the pull-back cylinder is open to exhaust ,ahd another when it isopposing the forward motion of the ram. There are thus in the machine illustrated selectively available any oneof six effective pressures be tween'the ram and tool by reasonof there being selectively three available pressures between the driving plunger and the ram and selectively an opposing pressure within the pull-back cylinder.

In so far as my present invention is concerned all of the foregoing is old, but with valve structures inadequate to meet existing needs, in that settings were not readily ap parent from a distance, that. it was not foolproof, permitting settings inconsistent with proper operation, that. leakage was serious and at an inconvenient place and that setting required a plurality of n'io'ven'ients, relatively tedious and did,not provide means for-preventing an oil-cylinder from exerting a progressively greater drag during the forward stroke.

My present invention aims to overcome these difiiculties, to relieve the progressively increasing retardation from pressure in non working cylinders during the returnstroke and to present a combination of distributing and operating valves, 26 and 27 respectively, in which the pressures between the driving plunger and ram are selectively determined by a setting lever 28 of the distributing valve, in which the opposition. of the pullback cylinder is selectively determined the position of a setting. lever 29 at the operating valve, and in which theposition of the operating handle 30 of the operating valve determines the admission and exhaust for any settings of the levers 28 and 29. When this handle is to the, left with respect to the figures, at 31 of Figure 5,- the distributing valve, and thereby the driving cylinders, are

open to exhaust. The pull-back cylinder exhaust is shown as connected with the main operating valve in Figure 5 but cannot exhaust until it is in exhaust position, i. e., until the plunger is at the right.

When the handle 30 is in the central pos-i- 1 tion, 32in Figure 5, the driving cylinders are closed tothe accumulator pressure and to the exhaust except as there may be exhaust for one of them due to unbalanced plunger position in the distributing valve. The pull-back cylinder selectively has full pressure or the water in it is trapped, by the setting of the lever 29. p

When the handle .30 is in the right hand position 33, the accumulator pressure is selectively admitted to the driving cylinders through the distributing valve and the pressure within the-pull-back cylinder is selectively as in the midposition either that of the accumulator 0r,nil according to the setting of the lever 29.

[In order that the operation of these several parts may be clear I will first describe the two valves by which 1 have chosen to illustrate the distrlbutmg and operating means, recognizing however that to those This is best seen in Figures 2 and 4 and comprises a. four-way channeled and ported cylindrical body 34 communicating at 35 with the operating valve 27, zit/36 with the I niain cylinder 17, at 37 with the rear cylinder l8 and at 38 with exhaust, anda circuniterentially recessed plunger 39 having spaced piston, portions 40, 41 and 42 fitting the cylinder and in different positions within the body respectively placing the inlet 35 from the operating valve in con'nnunication with either or both of the inlets 36 and 37 to the driving cylinders 17 and 18, and placing either of the outlets 36 and 37 in communication with the exhaust outlet 39 when the connection to the other is open.

'The setting lever 28 is pivotally connected at 43 to the end of the plunger and pivotally connected at 44 to the link member 45 pivoted at 46. The setting lever is provided with a spring-pressed latch 47 adapted to fit into notches shown at 48, 49, 50 and corresponding to the three positions of the plunger and therefore to the three settings of the valve. The setting can be seen at a dis- 51,52 and 53, fitting and sealing the piston portions 40, 41. and 42 of the plunger.

The lining members 51 and 53 also cap the ends of the body,'screwing to place at 54 and packed at 55, the member 51 being provided with a gland 56 about the shaft 57 of the plunger. 7 The inner ends of the sleeves 51 and 53 are grooved to fit the cup packing rings 58 which are clamped to place about the respective piston members between the sleeves and the recessed rings 59 stopped against circumferential flanges .60 of the body member 34,

The body member 34 is internally circun'rferentially channeled at 61, 63c, 62, 62 and 63, and the sleeves 51 and 53 are ported at 64 and 64 int: the channels 61 61, and the sleeve channel 63. n

The front and rear pistons 40 and 42 are longitudinally recessed and ported at 66, 67 and 66, 67 respectively to give conduit communication past the piston into the ex- 52 ported at 65, '65 ;.nto the h'aust through ports 64, 64' in extreme 'positions of the piston. These pistons are also recessed longitudinally on their outer ends at 68, 68respectively to accommodate respectively the nuts 69 and 70 between which the reversely turned counterpart sleeve portions 71, 71 and the reversely facing pack-.

ing portions member 7 The ports 65,- 65' in the sleeve 52 spaced circumferential rows of ports upon elther side of the packing when the piston is in mid position, thus placing the outlets 72, 72' clamp upon the ring 36 and 37 respectively to the main and rear cylinders 17,18 both in conduit communicationwiththe outlet to the operating valve during the mid setting of the distributor valve. Either :Of pistons and 4:2 isby-passed to exhaust when in its outer position through the ports 67 or 67 by reason of these ports moving past the packing rings 58 or 58, thus placing the corresponding outlet to one of the driving cylin ers, 17 or 18, to exhaust while the outlet to the other driving cylinder, 18 or 17, is sealed by the piston at the other end from the exhaust and is in communication with the outlet 35' to the operating valve 34. I

The operating 'vahze.

of the other valve and 51' and 53 having packing corresponding to that of the dis-' tributing valve but difiering as to 52 in that there is a single row of apertures only through it to the space 63.

' The shaft 57 carri plunger members 40', 41' and 42' corresp nding generally to the plunger members of the other valve and similarly compressed by nuts to hold the packing 72, 72 about the block 73.

As shown, in the neutral position, the inletsfrom the .accumulator pressure are cut off from the outlet 76' and also from the exhaust. When the lever is thrown to a posir comprisecylinder or .cylinders with which it is con: nected through the distributing valve.

compared with Figure 4 in that thefulcrum is atthe end of the lever in link 45 and the rod 57 is connected with the lever at an intermediate bearing point 43.

Superimposed upon the body 74 is a supplementalvalve body 77 connected with it so that 'passa-ge7 8 is continuously connected with the accumulator pressure from inlet and passage 79 is continuously connected with the space'62 within the valve body 74:. These two passages are connected \through corresponding passages 7 8 and 7 9' and the joints are packed at 80.

Withinthe body 77 there are three an: nular spaces 81, 82/and 83-and theflongis tudinally extending cylindrical opening 84; is hushed at 85, the bushing being suitably pcened if necessary to hold it in place and make it fluid tight. This bushing is aper- The mounting of the lever is reversed as tured' at 86, 87 and 88-into the corresponding annular spaces 81, 82 and 83.

Within the bushing is located a plunger made up of astem 89, plunger sleeves 90, 91, nut 92 and packing 93, 94 and 95' held in place by the nut, the plunger elements and the shoulder 95.- As thus constructed the plunger "has two p ositions, that shown in' Figure5 with the lever 29. at the left, at31 in which the accumulator pressure, always full on in passage 78, is cut off from space 82 and hence from outlet 97 by packing'94. The outlet- 97 hence the pullback cylinder) is connected by piston passage 98 with'valve compartment 62 exhausting the pull back" cylinder, or trapping the liquid in it -according to the position of lever 30.

\Vith lever 29' at the right of the figure, at

33 the pull back. cylinder is connected with the passage 78 through ports 86, piston passage 99, and .ports 87, applying pull back pressure.

The lever 29 has bearing'at 100 'and car-- ries an eccentric or crank pin 101which is allowed lateral play in an opening 102, in the upper end of the supplementary-plunger but. which lifts or lowers this plunger to control. the pull back pressure or exhaust in the two positions of the lever 29.

\ Operation).

Inoperation the distributing or pilot valve must first be set to determine the con- 'nections'withcylinders 17 and 18. In the.

tion 33 at the right of the figure the outlet 76 position'shown in Figure 4 the accumulator pressure is on each of these cylinders.

is' cbnnected with the accumulator pressure to apply the pressure to either one or both of the cylinders-17 and 18 according to th'e connections in the distributing valve. 1 I

In the position with the lever at the left, at 31 in Figure 5 the outlet 76 to the. distributing valve is connected with the ex-' haust so as to correspondingly exhaust the As determined by the distributing valve the pressure is applied to or exhausted from the correspondingly connected cylinder or cylinders through the operating valve with or without opposition by pressure Within the pull-back cylinder.

It will be noted that the exhaust from the pull-back cylinder is controlled not only by the position of the plunger 89 in the supplemental valve body connected with the main operating valve but -also by the main operating valve plunger and that the pull-back cylinder will be connected to exhaust when the pressure ison the dist'riln'iting valve and under this conditiononly, safe-guarding the operating plunger of the tool which is therefore either under pull-back pressure orwith the fluid in the pull-back cylinder trapped at all times when the pressure is not being applied to one or both of the cylinders 17 and 18. Reinen'ibering then that the pull-back cylinder cannot exhaust except when the lever '30 is at the right in Figure 5, the pressure upon the pull-back cylinder and its exhaust as far as the space 62' of the -main Operating valve is controlled wholly by lever 29, being applied on when the lever 29 is in the right hand position of this figure and being off in the position of lever 29 at the left shown in Figure 5.

In each of the three combinations (the cylinders 17 and 18, applying cylinder 17.

alone or cylinder 18 alone or both cylinders), the pressure can be opposed by the pressure of the pull-back cylinder or not as desired, providing six combinations. T p

Pack'ng for the cylinder 17 is shown and i the plugged drainage opening for the pullback cylinder of use when desired.

In view of my invention modifications and variations will doubtless become evident to othersiskilled in the art to meet individual whim or particular need and I claim all such as fall within the reasonable spirit and hydraulic cylinders thereabout whose pres-- sure is exerted upon said faces, a distributing valve having connections for pressure for each of the two cylinders with coincident exliaust for the other and for pressure for both cylinders simultaneously, and an operating valve. having pressure admission and exhaust posit ons therein for controlling fluid pressure at the distrlbutlng valve.

2. In a hydraulic ram, a driving plunger having two rearwardly directed faces, two hydraulic cylinders thereabout whose pres-. sure is exerted upon said faces, a distributing valve having connections for pressure for each of thc two cylinders with coincident exhaust for the other and for pressure for both cylinders simultaneously, a pullback cylinder and plunger for returning the driving plunger, operating connections for maintaining pressure on the pull-back valve or exhausting it for any of the positions of the distributing cylinder and an operating valve for supplying pressure toand exhausting from thedistributing.valve.

I In a hydraulic rain, a driving plunger having two rearwardly directed faces, two liydrairlic cylinders thcreabout whose pres sure is exerted upon said faces, a distributing'valve having connections foreach of the two cylinders with coincident exhaust for the other andyexhaust for both cylinders simultaneously, a pull-back cylinder and plunger, an operating cylinder for supplying pressure to and exhausting from the distributing valve and a valve mounted upon the operating cylinder and exhausting through-it for applying pressure to or ex-' hansting from the pull-back cylinder.

4. In ahydraulicram, a driving plunger having two rearwardlydirected faces, two hydraulic cylinders thereabout whose pres sure is exerted upon said faces, a distributing valve having connections for pressure foreaeh of the two cylinders with coincident. exhaust for the other and for pressure for both cylinders simultaneously, a pull-back cylinder and plunger, an operating valve having pressure supply thereto, supplying pressure to and permitting exhaust from the distributing valve and a pull-back cylinder receiving itspressure from the supply of the operating valve and adapted to connect the pull-back cylinder to pressure or to exhaust.

5. In a hydraulic tool, a driving plunger having two diameters, a cylinder surrounding the part of larger diameter, a cylinder surrounding the part of smaller diameter, a

distributingvalve having connections with each of the cylinders, means within theconnections for directing fluid to either of the cylinders at will with coincident exhaust from the other cylinder or to both of the cylinders together, an operating valve having an outlet connected with the inlet of the distributing v-alve, connectlons within the operating valve for applying pressure, holding the pressure or exhausting to or from the outlet, apull-back cylinder, a plungerthere in and connections for returning the driving plunger and means for ap-plyil'igthe same pressure to the pull-back cylinder as tothe operating cylinder. I

6. In a hydraulic ram, a driving plunger having two rearwardly directed faces, a

pull-backplunger having a forwardly di rected face, two. hydraulic pressure main cylindersforwardly closed-by the plunger to confine .liquid against the rearwardly directed faces, a pull-back cylinder rearwardly closed by the pull-back plunger, a

pressure, and operating means for con-- necting' the inlet at will to hydraulic pressure or to exhaust.

7. In a hydraulic ram, a driving plunger having two rearwardly directed faces, cylinders about them, forwardly closed by the plunger to confine liquid against the rearwardly directed faces, a pull-back plunger, a pull-back cylinder rearwardly closed by the pull-back plunger, a distributing valve having an inlet, an exhaust and conduit connection to each main cylinder and adapted to selectively connect, the inlet of the distributing valve with either or both of the cylinders, the exhaust of the distributing valve being respectively in con'nnunication with the other main cylinder 01' with neither,

a source of hydraulic pressure, means for selectively setting the pull-back cylinder in connection with either exhaust or hydraulic pressure whenever the inlet is set in connec tion with hydraulic. pressure, and operating means for connecting the inlet at will to hydraulic pressure or to exhaust. I

S. In a hydraulic ram, a driving plunger having two rearwardly directed faces, a pull-back plunger having a forwardly directed face, two hydraulic pressure main cylinders forwardly closed by the driving plunger to confine liquid against the rearwardly directed faces, a pull-back cylinder rearwardly closed by the pull-back plunger, a four-way distributing plunger valve having an inlet, and exhaust and conduit connection to each main cylinder and adapted to selectively connect the inlet of the distributing valve with either or both of the cylinders, the exhaust of the distributing valve being respectively in communication with the-other main cylinder or with neither, a source of hydraulic pressure, means for selectively setting the pull-back cylinder with either exhaust or hydraulic pressure whenever the inlet is set in connection with hydraulic pressure, and operating means for connecting the inlet at will to hydraulic pressure or to exhaust, said means for selective setting and operating comprising a four-way device connected respectively to the source of hydraulic pressure, to said inlet, to the pull-back cylinder and to exhaust.

9. In a hydraulic ram, a driving plunger having two rearwardly directed faces, a pull-back plunger having a. forwardly directed face, two hydraulic pressure main cylinders forwardly closed to confine liquid against the rearwardly directed faces, a pullback cylinder rearwardly closed by the pullback plunger, a four-way distributing plunger valve having an inlet, an exhaust and a conduit connection to each main cylinder and adapted to selectively connect. the

inlet of the distributing valve with either or both of the cylinders, the exhaust of the distributing valve being respectively in com munication with the other main cylinder or with neither, a source of hydraulic pressure, means for selectively connecting the pull back cylinder with either exhaust or hydraulic pressure whenever the inlet is connected with hydraulic pressure, and operating means for connecting the inlet at will to hydraulic pressure or to exhaust, said means comprising a four-way valve connected re spectively to the source of hydraulic pressure, to said inlet, to the pull-back cylinder and to exhaust.

HENRI PIERRE LAURENT LAUSSUCQ. 

